Hierarchical Nano/Micro-Structured Surfaces With High Surface Area/Volume Ratios

Abstract Recently, many studies have investigated additive manufacturing (AM) of hierarchical surfaces with high surface area/volume (SA/V) ratios, and their performance has been characterized for applications in next-generation functional devices. Despite recent advances, it remains challenging to design manufacture SA/V ratio structures desired functionalities. In this study, we established the complex correlations among ratio, structure geometry, functionality, manufacturability two-photon polymerization (TPP) process. Inspired by numerous natural structures, proposed a 3-level along mathematical modeling ratio. Geometric constraints were modeled create well-defined three-dimensional hierarchically structured accuracy. A process flowchart was developed achieve target geometric Surfaces varied ratios hierarchy levels designed printed. The wettability antireflection properties fabricated characterized. It observed that wetting could be easily tailored adjusting parameter settings levels. Furthermore, change naturally hydrophilic near-superhydrophobic. Geometrical light trapping effects enabled property significantly enhanced (> 80% less reflection) structures. Experimental results implied great potential various such as microfluidics, optics, energy, interfaces.